Picardía

ᴘɪᴄᴀʀᴅíᴀ (ᴇɴ ғʀᴀɴᴄᴇs: ᴘɪᴄᴀʀᴅɪᴇ) ᴇs ᴜɴᴀ ʀᴇɢɪᴏɴ ᴅᴇ ғʀᴀɴᴄɪᴀ, ᴜʙɪᴄᴀᴅᴀ ᴀʟ ɴᴏʀᴛᴇ ᴅᴇʟ ᴘᴀɪs. ᴘɪᴄᴀʀᴅɪᴀ ʟɪᴍɪᴛᴀ ᴄᴏɴ ʟᴀs ʀᴇɢɪᴏɴᴇs ғʀᴀɴᴄᴇsᴀs ᴅᴇʟ ɴᴏʀᴛᴇ-ᴘᴀsᴏ ᴅᴇ ᴄᴀʟᴀɪs, ᴄʜᴀᴍᴘᴀɢɴᴇ-ᴀʀᴅᴇɴɴᴇ, ɪsʟᴀ ᴅᴇ ғʀᴀɴᴄɪᴀ ʏ ᴀʟᴛᴀ ɴᴏʀᴍᴀɴᴅíᴀ. ᴀʟ ɴᴏʀᴇsᴛᴇ ʟɪᴍɪᴛᴀ ᴄᴏɴ ʙᴇʟɢɪᴄᴀ. ᴇsᴛᴀ ᴏᴄᴜᴘᴀᴅᴀ, ᴇɴ ɢʀᴀɴ ᴘᴀʀᴛᴇ, ᴘᴏʀ ʟᴀ ʟʟᴀɴᴜʀᴀ ᴘɪᴄᴀʀᴅᴀ ᴅᴇ ᴛᴇʀʀᴇɴᴏs ᴄʀᴇᴛᴀᴄᴇᴏs ᴍᴜʏ ɴɪᴠᴇʟᴀᴅᴏs, ᴄᴏɴ ᴜɴ ᴀsᴘᴇᴄᴛᴏ ᴜɴɪғᴏʀᴍᴇ ʏ ᴇɴ ʟᴏs ǫᴜᴇ ʟᴀs ᴇsᴄᴀsᴀs ᴇʟᴇᴠᴀᴄɪᴏɴᴇs ɴᴏ sᴜᴘᴇʀᴀɴ ʟᴏs 200 ᴍ. ᴜɴɪᴄᴀᴍᴇɴᴛᴇ ʟᴏs ᴠᴀʟʟᴇs ᴀᴄᴛᴜᴀʟᴇs, ᴘʀᴏᴅᴜᴄᴛᴏ ᴅᴇ ᴜɴᴀ ᴇʀᴏsɪᴏɴ ʀᴇᴄɪᴇɴᴛᴇ, ʀᴇᴘʀᴇsᴇɴᴛᴀɴ ᴜɴ ᴇʟᴇᴍᴇɴᴛᴏ ᴅɪғᴇʀᴇɴᴛᴇ ᴅᴇʟ ᴘᴀɪsᴀᴊᴇ ᴄᴏɴ ᴜɴ ᴀsᴘᴇᴄᴛᴏ ᴅᴇ ʟᴀʀɢᴏ ᴄᴏʀʀᴇᴅᴏʀ ʀᴇʟʟᴇɴᴀᴅᴏ ᴘᴏʀ ᴜɴᴀ ᴇsᴘᴇsᴀ ᴄᴀᴘᴀ ᴅᴇ ᴛᴜʀʙᴀ. ᴄᴏɴsᴛᴀ ᴅᴇ ᴛʀᴇs ᴅᴇᴘᴀʀᴛᴀᴍᴇɴᴛᴏs: ᴀɪsɴᴇ ᴏɪsᴇsᴏᴍᴍᴇ ᴛɪᴇɴᴇ ᴜɴᴀ ᴘᴏʙʟᴀᴄɪᴏɴ ᴅᴇ 1.875.000 ʜᴀʙɪᴛᴀɴᴛᴇs ᴀᴍɪᴇɴs ᴇs ʟᴀ ᴄɪᴜᴅᴀᴅ ᴘʀɪɴᴄɪᴘᴀ ᴇʟ 25 ᴅᴇ ᴍᴀʀᴢᴏ ᴅᴇ 1802 sᴇ ғɪʀᴍᴏ ᴇɴ ᴇsᴛᴀ ᴄɪᴜᴅᴀᴅ ᴇʟ ᴛʀᴀᴛᴀᴅᴏ ᴅᴇ ᴘᴀᴢ ᴄᴏɴᴏᴄɪᴅᴏ ᴄᴏᴍᴏ ᴛʀᴀᴛᴀᴅᴏ ᴅᴇ ᴀᴍɪᴇɴs ᴘᴏʀ ᴇʟ ǫᴜᴇ sᴇ ᴘᴜsᴏ ғɪɴ ᴀ ʟᴀ ɢᴜᴇʀʀᴀ ᴇɴᴛʀᴇ ɪɴɢʟᴀᴛᴇʀʀᴀ ʏ ғʀᴀɴᴄɪᴀ ᴍᴀs sᴜs ᴀʟɪᴀᴅᴏs. ᴇʟ ᴛʀᴀᴛᴀᴅᴏ ᴅᴇᴊó sɪɴ sᴏʟᴜᴄɪᴏɴᴀʀ ᴄᴜᴇsᴛɪᴏɴᴇs ᴍᴜʏ ɪᴍᴘᴏʀᴛᴀɴᴛᴇs, ᴘᴏʀ ʟᴏ ǫᴜᴇ ʟᴀ ᴘᴀᴢ ᴅᴜʀᴏ ᴛᴀɴ sóʟᴏ 365 ᴅɪᴀs. ᴇʟ ᴛᴏᴘóɴɪᴍᴏ ᴘɪᴄᴀʀᴅɪᴀ ᴛɪᴇɴᴇ sᴜs ᴏʀɪɢᴇɴᴇs ᴇɴ ʟᴀ ɢᴇᴏɢʀᴀғɪᴀ ᴇ ʜɪsᴛᴏʀɪᴀ ᴅᴇ ʟᴀ ʀᴇɢɪᴏɴ sɪᴛᴜᴀᴅᴀ ᴀʟ ɴᴏʀᴛᴇ ᴅᴇ ᴘᴀʀɪs. ᴀᴛᴇsᴛɪɢᴜᴀᴅᴏ ᴘᴏʀ ᴘʀɪᴍᴇʀᴀ ᴠᴇᴢ ᴇɴ ᴇʟ ᴀñᴏ 1248, sᴇ ᴅᴇʀɪᴠᴀ ᴅᴇ ʟᴀ ᴘᴀʟᴀʙʀᴀ ᴘɪᴄᴀʀᴅ, ᴇs ᴅᴇᴄɪʀ, ᴘɪᴄᴀᴅᴏʀ (= ʟᴀʙʀᴀᴅᴏʀ). ʟᴏs ᴘᴀʀɪsɪɴᴏs ʟʟᴀᴍᴀʙᴀɴ ᴘɪᴄᴀʀᴅs ᴀ ᴛᴏᴅᴏs ʟᴏs ᴀɢʀɪᴄᴜʟᴛᴏʀᴇs ǫᴜᴇ ᴠɪᴠɪᴀɴ ᴀʟ ɴᴏʀᴛᴇ ᴅᴇ ʟᴀs ᴢᴏɴᴀs ғᴏʀᴇsᴛᴀʟᴇs ᴅᴇ sᴇɴʟɪs ʏ ᴇʟ ᴠᴀʟᴏɪs (ᴄᴜʏᴏs ʜᴀʙɪᴛᴀɴᴛᴇs ᴇʀᴀɴ ʟᴇñᴀᴅᴏʀᴇs), ʏ ᴇɴ ᴇʟ ᴘʀᴏᴘɪᴏ ɴᴏʀᴛᴇ sᴇ ʟʟᴀᴍᴀʙᴀ ᴘɪᴄᴀʀᴅs ᴀ ᴛᴏᴅᴏs ᴀǫᴜᴇʟʟᴏs ǫᴜᴇ ɴᴏ ʜᴀʙʟᴀʙᴀɴ ᴇʟ ғʟᴀᴍᴇɴᴄᴏ. ʟᴀ ᴀɢʀɪᴄᴜʟᴛᴜʀᴀ ᴅᴇ ʟᴀ ʀᴇɢɪᴏɴ ᴇsᴛᴀ ᴍᴜʏ ʀᴀᴄɪᴏɴᴀʟɪᴢᴀᴅᴀ, ᴄᴏɴ ᴜɴ ᴀʟᴛᴏ ɢʀᴀᴅᴏ ᴅᴇ ᴍᴇᴄᴀɴɪᴢᴀᴄɪᴏɴ ʏ ᴜᴛɪʟɪᴢᴀᴄɪᴏɴ ᴅᴇ ᴀʙᴏɴᴏs: ᴛʀɪɢᴏ, ᴍᴀɪᴢ, ʀᴇᴍᴏʟᴀᴄʜᴀ ᴅᴇ ᴀᴢᴜᴄᴀʀ ʏ ʜᴏʀᴛᴀʟɪᴢᴀs, sᴏɴ sᴜs ᴘʀᴏᴅᴜᴄᴛᴏs ᴘʀɪɴᴄɪᴘᴀʟᴇs. Lᴀ ᴇxᴘʟᴏᴛᴀᴄɪóɴ ɢᴀɴᴀᴅᴇʀᴀ, ʙᴏᴠɪɴᴀ ʏ ᴘᴏʀᴄɪɴᴀ ᴇs ᴘʀᴏᴠᴇᴇᴅᴏʀᴀ ᴅᴇ ʟᴀ ᴄᴇʀᴄᴀɴᴀ ʀᴇɢɪᴏɴ ᴘᴀʀɪsɪɴᴀ. Sᴏɴ ᴛʀᴀᴅɪᴄɪᴏɴᴀʟᴇs ʟᴀ ɪɴᴅᴜsᴛʀɪᴀ ᴛᴇxᴛɪʟ ʏ ᴍᴇᴛᴀʟᴜʀɢɪᴄᴀ, ɪɴᴄʀᴇᴍᴇɴᴛᴀᴅᴀs ʜᴏʏ ᴘᴏʀ ʟᴀ ᴅᴇsᴄᴇɴᴛʀᴀʟɪᴢᴀᴄɪᴏɴ ᴅᴇʟ ᴀʀᴇᴀ ᴘᴀʀɪsɪɴᴀ. ᴇxɪsᴛᴇɴ ᴏᴛʀᴏs sᴇᴄᴛᴏʀᴇs, ᴄᴏᴍᴏ ʟᴀs ᴄᴏɴsᴛʀᴜᴄᴄɪᴏɴᴇs ᴍᴇᴄᴀɴɪᴄᴀs, ᴀᴘᴀʀᴀᴛᴏs ᴇʟéᴄᴛʀɪᴄᴏs , ᴠɪᴅʀɪᴏ, ᴍᴀᴛᴇʀɪᴀʟᴇs ᴅᴇ ᴄᴏɴsᴛʀᴜᴄᴄɪóɴ ʏ ᴄᴀᴜᴄʜᴏ sɪɴᴛéᴛɪᴄᴏ. ʟᴀ ᴀᴄᴛɪᴠɪᴅᴀᴅ ᴛᴇʀᴄɪᴀʀɪᴀ sᴇ ᴘʀᴏᴅᴜᴄᴇ ᴇsᴘᴇᴄɪᴀʟᴍᴇɴᴛᴇ ᴇɴ ʟᴏs ᴘʀɪɴᴄɪᴘᴀʟᴇs ᴄᴇɴᴛʀᴏs ᴜʀʙᴀɴᴏs. sᴇ ʜᴀʙʟᴀ, ᴇxᴄᴇᴘᴛᴏ ᴇɴ ʟᴀ ᴘᴀʀᴛᴇ sᴜʀ ᴅᴇ ʟᴀ ʀᴇɢɪᴏɴ, ᴜɴᴀ ʟᴇɴɢᴜᴀ ʀᴇɢɪᴏɴᴀʟ ʟʟᴀᴍᴀᴅᴀ ᴘɪᴄᴀʀᴅᴀ. ᴇʟ ᴘɪᴄᴀʀᴅᴏ, ǫᴜᴇ ғᴏʀᴍᴀ ᴘᴀʀᴛᴇ ᴅᴇ ʟᴀs ʟᴇɴɢᴜᴀs ᴅᴇ ᴏïʟ, ᴛᴜᴠᴏ sᴜ ᴀᴜɢᴇ ᴇɴ ᴇʟ sɪɢʟᴏ XIII. ᴇɴ ᴇsᴛᴀ éᴘᴏᴄᴀ sᴇ ʜᴀʙʟᴀʙᴀ ᴘɪᴄᴀʀᴅᴏ ᴇɴ ᴛᴏᴅᴀ ʟᴀ ᴘɪᴄᴀʀᴅɪᴀ ᴀᴄᴛᴜᴀʟ (ᴀ ᴇxᴄᴇᴘᴄɪóɴ ᴅᴇʟ sᴜʀ ᴅᴇ ʟᴏs ᴅᴇᴘᴀʀᴛᴀᴍᴇɴᴛᴏs ᴅᴇʟ ᴏɪsɴᴇ ʏ ᴀɪsɴᴇ), ᴇɴ ʟᴏs ᴅᴇᴘᴀʀᴛᴀᴍᴇɴᴛᴏs ᴅᴇʟ ɴᴏʀᴛᴇ (ᴀ ᴇxᴄᴇᴘᴄɪᴏɴ ᴅᴇ ʟᴀ ᴄɪᴜᴅᴀᴅ ᴅᴇ ᴅᴜɴᴋᴇʀǫᴜᴇ ʏ ᴘᴀsᴏ ᴅᴇ ᴄᴀʟᴀɪs) ʏ ᴇɴ ᴜɴᴀ ᴘᴀʀᴛᴇ ᴅᴇ ʟᴀ ᴘʀᴏᴠɪɴᴄɪᴀ ʙᴇʟɢᴀ ᴅᴇ ʜᴇɴᴀᴏ. ᴀ ᴘʀɪɴᴄɪᴘɪᴏs ᴅᴇʟ sɪɢʟᴏ XIX, ʏᴀ ɴᴏ sᴇ ʜᴀʙʟᴀʙᴀ ᴘɪᴄᴀʀᴅᴏ ᴇɴ ʟᴀs ᴀʀᴇᴀs ᴍᴇʀɪᴅɪᴏɴᴀʟᴇs ᴅᴇ ʟᴀ ʀᴇɢɪᴏɴ: ʙᴇᴀᴜᴠᴀɪs, ɴᴏʏᴏɴ ʏ ᴠᴇʀᴠɪɴs, ʏ ᴇʟ ᴘɪᴄᴀʀᴅᴏ ǫᴜᴇᴅᴏ ʟɪᴍɪᴛᴀᴅᴏ ᴀ ʟᴀs ᴢᴏɴᴀs ʀᴜʀᴀʟᴇs. ᴀᴄᴛᴜᴀʟᴍᴇɴᴛᴇ ᴇʟ ᴘɪᴄᴀʀᴅᴏ ᴇs sᴏʟᴏ ᴜɴᴀ ʟᴇɴɢᴜᴀ ʜᴀʙʟᴀᴅᴀ (ɴᴏ ʟᴀ ᴅᴀɴ ᴇɴ ʟᴏs ᴄᴏʟᴇɢɪᴏs). ᴀ ᴘᴇsᴀʀ ᴅᴇ ᴛᴏᴅᴏ, ᴇs ᴏʙᴊᴇᴛᴏ ᴅᴇ ᴇsᴛᴜᴅɪᴏs ʏ ᴀɴᴀʟɪsɪs ᴇɴ ʟᴀs ғᴀᴄᴜʟᴛᴀᴅᴇs ᴅᴇ ʟᴇᴛʀᴀs ᴅᴇ ʟɪʟʟᴇ ʏ ᴀᴍɪᴇɴs. ᴀ ᴄᴏɴsᴇᴄᴜᴇɴᴄɪᴀ ᴅᴇ ʟᴀ ᴍᴏᴠɪʟɪᴅᴀᴅ ᴅᴇ ʟᴀ ᴘᴏʙʟᴀᴄɪóɴ ʏ ᴅᴇ ʟᴀ ᴘʀᴇsᴇɴᴄɪᴀ ᴍᴀʏᴏʀɪᴛᴀʀɪᴀ ᴅᴇ ʟᴀ ʟᴇɴɢᴜᴀ ғʀᴀɴᴄᴇsᴀ ᴇɴ ʟᴏs ᴍᴇᴅɪᴏs ᴅᴇ ᴄᴏᴍᴜɴɪᴄᴀᴄɪóɴ, ʟᴀs ᴅɪғᴇʀᴇɴᴛᴇs ᴠᴀʀɪᴇᴅᴀᴅᴇs ᴅɪᴀʟᴇᴄᴛᴀʟᴇs ᴅᴇʟ ᴘɪᴄᴀʀᴅᴏ ᴛɪᴇɴᴅᴇɴ ᴀ ᴜɴɪғᴏʀᴍᴀʀsᴇ. ᴄᴀᴅᴀ ᴠᴇᴢ ǫᴜᴇᴅᴀɴ ᴍᴇɴᴏs ʜᴀʙɪᴛᴀɴᴛᴇs ᴅᴇ ᴘɪᴄᴀʀᴅɪᴀ ǫᴜᴇ sᴏɴ ᴄᴀᴘᴀᴄᴇs ᴅᴇ ʜᴀʙʟᴀʀ ᴇsᴛᴀ ʟᴇɴɢᴜᴀ, ᴀsɪ ᴄᴏᴍᴏ ʟᴏs ǫᴜᴇ ʟᴀ ᴜᴛɪʟɪᴢᴀɴ ᴄᴏᴍᴏ ʟᴇɴɢᴜᴀ ᴍᴀᴛᴇʀɴᴀ.